> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://book.ice-wzl.xyz/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://book.ice-wzl.xyz/recon-enumeration/pentesting-nfs.md).

# Pentesting NFS

## Overview

* Network File System — used for file sharing between Linux/Unix systems
* Ports: TCP/UDP 111 (rpcbind), TCP 2049 (nfs)

## NFS Versions

| Version | Features                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| ------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| NFSv2   | Older, initially entirely over UDP                                                                                                                                                           |
| NFSv3   | More features, variable file size, better error reporting, not fully compatible with NFSv2                                                                                                   |
| NFSv4   | Includes Kerberos, works through firewalls/internet, no rpcbind needed, supports ACLs, applies state-based operations, improved performance, high security. First to have stateful protocol. |

## Configuration

* Config file: `/etc/exports`

```
cat /etc/exports
```

### Default Export Options

| Option             | Description                   |
| ------------------ | ----------------------------- |
| rw                 | Read/write                    |
| ro                 | Read only                     |
| sync               | Synchronous transfer          |
| async              | Asynchronous transfer         |
| secure             | Ports below 1024 only         |
| insecure           | Ports above 1024              |
| no\_subtree\_check | Disable subtree checking      |
| root\_squash       | Map root UID/GID to anonymous |

### Dangerous Settings

| Option           | Description                    |
| ---------------- | ------------------------------ |
| rw               | Read/write                     |
| insecure         | High ports allowed             |
| nohide           | Export sub-mounted filesystems |
| no\_root\_squash | Files keep root UID/GID 0      |

### Create NFS Export

```
echo '/mnt/nfs  10.129.14.0/24(sync,no_subtree_check)' >> /etc/exports
systemctl restart nfs-kernel-server
exportfs
```

## Enumeration

### Nmap

```
sudo nmap 10.129.14.128 -p111,2049 -sV -sC
sudo nmap --script nfs* 10.129.14.128 -sV -p111,2049
```

* NSE scripts: `nfs-ls`, `nfs-showmount`, `nfs-statfs`, `rpcinfo`

### Show Shares

```
showmount -e 10.129.14.128
```

## Mounting

```
mkdir target-NFS
sudo mount -t nfs 10.129.14.128:/ ./target-NFS/ -o nolock
cd target-NFS
tree .
```

If the export name is shown by `showmount`, mount that path explicitly:

```bash
sudo mount -t nfs TARGET:/EXPORT_NAME ./target-NFS/ -o nolock
```

### List with Usernames vs UIDs

```
ls -l mnt/nfs/
ls -n mnt/nfs/
```

## Post-Mount Credential Hunting

NFS exports often expose app deployment directories and backup configs. Search broadly before moving on:

```bash
grep -RniE 'password|passwd|credential|secret|token|jdbc|ldap|bind|connectionString' .
find . -iname '*.config' -o -iname '*.xml' -o -iname '*.properties' -o -iname '*.yml' -o -iname '*.ini' -o -iname '*.bak' -o -iname '*.old'
```

### Unmount

```
cd ..
sudo umount ./target-NFS
```


---

# Agent Instructions
This documentation is published with GitBook. GitBook is the documentation platform designed so that both humans and AI agents can read, navigate, and reason over technical content effectively. Learn more at gitbook.com.

## Querying This Documentation
If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question.

Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter, and the optional `goal` query parameter:

```
GET https://book.ice-wzl.xyz/recon-enumeration/pentesting-nfs.md?ask=<question>&goal=<endgoal>
```

`ask` is the immediate question: it should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language.
`goal` is optional and describes the broader end goal you are ultimately trying to accomplish on behalf of the user. GitBook uses it to tailor the answer towards what is most useful for that goal.

The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation.

Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.