Cockpit

Cockpit is a Linux web administration console. It usually authenticates against local system accounts, so web app credentials are worth trying here after SQLi, LFI, config leaks, or password dashboard access.

Discovery

nmap -sC -sV TARGET -p 9090
# 9090/tcp open  http  Cockpit web service
# http-title: Did not follow redirect to https://TARGET:9090/

Browse to:

https://TARGET:9090/

The login page may disclose the OS version after loading, e.g. Ubuntu 20.04.x.

Credential Reuse

Try credentials recovered from the web app against Cockpit. Do not only test the web application's admin user; test named users too because Cockpit wants valid Linux accounts.

root:root
USER:WEB_APP_PASSWORD

If a user logs in successfully, check whether the terminal is enabled:

https://TARGET:9090/system/terminal

Post Login

From the Cockpit terminal, treat it like a normal local shell:

id
hostname
cat /etc/os-release
sudo -l