Cockpit is a Linux web administration console. It usually authenticates against local system accounts, so web app credentials are worth trying here after SQLi, LFI, config leaks, or password dashboard access.
nmap -sC -sV TARGET -p 9090
# 9090/tcp open http Cockpit web service
# http-title: Did not follow redirect to https://TARGET:9090/Browse to:
https://TARGET:9090/The login page may disclose the OS version after loading, e.g. Ubuntu 20.04.x.
Try credentials recovered from the web app against Cockpit. Do not only test the web application's admin user; test named users too because Cockpit wants valid Linux accounts.
root:root
USER:WEB_APP_PASSWORDIf a user logs in successfully, check whether the terminal is enabled:
https://TARGET:9090/system/terminalFrom the Cockpit terminal, treat it like a normal local shell:
Last updated
id
hostname
cat /etc/os-release
sudo -l